What is GWAS & QTL?

Using statistical machine learning techniques, along with more traditional statistical methods, DArT has developed ways to link phenotypes (traits) with marker profiles. This downstream data processing is provided by DArT either free of charge or for a small additional fee.

Genome Wide Association Studies (GWAS) are now the dominant approach to identifying genes and genetic networks that underlie phenotypes. GWAS are often performed in preparation for genomic selection – where we take advantage of the relationship between DNA profiles and phenotypes to more accurately and reliably select individuals for breeding. It is an analytical process, helping researchers and breeders to understand the genetic complexity of the traits, and to design an optimal breeding strategy based on its findings. Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) analyses DNA markers to track actual genes responsible for  a particular phenotype in genetic crosses.  It is similar to GWAS, but usually performed on materials with much higher genetic relatedness (family structure). QTL analysis  leads to a much greater understanding of how DNA affects phenotypes as well as the genetic architecture of different traits. This ability to model phenotypes is of great benefit in pre-breeding and in planning for desired breeding outcomes.